Special Education Has Changed Over Time

Special education has been assisting students withthe government started programs targeting
learning disabilities in the United States educationyoungsters with potential learning disabilities. The Act
system since the end of World War II. The first pushfrom 1975 was changed to the "Individuals with
for special education started when a group ofDisabilities Education Act" (IDEA) in 1990. Since
parent-organized advocacy groups surfaced. In 1947establishment of IDEA more than 6.5 million children
one of the first organizations, the Americanand 200,000+ toddlers and infants are being assisted
Association on Mental Deficiency, held its firsteach year.
convention. That marked a starting point for specialSpecial education in schools often unintentionally
education as we know it today.overlooks a key aspect of why students suffer from
Started during the Civil Rights Movement in the earlylearning disabilities. The reasons for common learning
1950s, the United Cerebral Palsy Association, thedisabilities are weak cognitive skills. Studies show that
Muscular Dystrophy Association, and John F.80% of students enrolled in special education at some
Kennedy�s Panel on Mental Retardationlevel suffer from underlying weak cognitive skills.
were among an increased amount of advocacyCognitive skills are the mental capabilities that one
groups for assisted learning programs. This strongneeds to successfully learn academic subjects. In
push helped bring special education into schools acrossmore detail cognitive skills are learning skills used to
the country in the 1960's as school access wasretain information; process, analyze, and store facts
established for children with disabilities at state andand feelings; and create mental pictures, read words,
local levels.and understand concepts. They are not to be
The parent advocacy groups dating back to 1947 laidconfused with academic skills which would include
the ground floor for government legislation beingsubjects like math, science, or history.
approved by Congress in 1975 that was called theProper testing to identify these weak cognitive skills will
�Education for All Handicapped Childrenhelp quality learning centers put together a plan of
Act� (Public Law 94-142). This act went intoaction to strengthen them. This sort of training will last
effect in October of 1977 and it was the beginning fora lifetime. By not targeting the cognitive skills a student
federal funding of special education in schoolswill struggle for the rest of their life until they are
nationwide. The act required public schools to offertrained properly. It is highly recommended that you get
"free appropriate public education" to students with ayour child tested at a learning training center that
wide range of disabilities, including "physical handicaps,provides cognitive testing. Once tested a personal,
mental retardation, speech, vision and languageunique training program can be developed for your
problems, emotional and behavioral problems, and otherchild to overcome their learning disability.
learning disorders."LearningRx is a child and adult learning center which
The law from 1977 was extended in 1983 to offerprovides cognitive skills assessments and training to
parent training and information centers. Later in 1986help students overcome learning disabilities.