Types of and Causes of Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is not a disease it is a condition.cerebral palsy has not decreased.TypesAthetoid
Cerebral refers to the brain and palsy meanscerebral palsy affects the ability to control muscles,
weakness or lack of muscle control. In addition,leading to involuntary and uncontrolled movements in
cerebral palsy is not a single problem, but a complexthe affected musclesSpastic cerebral palsy is the
disease in which virtually all brain cell types could needmost common type of cerebral palsy. Approximately
repair. Approximately 90 percent of all cases are60 percent of all individuals with cerebral palsy have
caused by brain injury during the prenatal periodspasticity that is characterized by tense, contracted
(before labor begins). This condition is caused bymuscles. Doctors will often describe which type of
damage to brain cells that control the movement ofspastic cerebral palsy a patient has, based on which
muscles. A person with cerebral palsy can have mildlimbs are affected.Ataxic cerebral palsy affects the
to severe physical disabilities. There are varyingsense of balance and depth perception. Children who
degrees of therapies depending on the degree ofsuffer from ataxic cerebral palsy can be described as
condition. However, just because a person hasbeing very shaky and unsteady.SymptomsChildren
cerebral palsy, it does not mean they will have otherwith cerebral palsy may develop eating difficulties,
disabilities.bladder and bowel control problems, breathing
Causes and RisksRecent studies suggest thatproblems, and learning disabilities. Children with cerebral
cerebral palsy is mostly due to factors affecting thepalsy have limited use of their arms due to the
brain before birth. In about 70 percent of cases,dysfunction of their neural motor control and stiffness
cerebral palsy results from events occurring beforeof their joints. Dysarthria is common in people with
birth that can disrupt normal development of the brain.cerebral palsy, due to problems involving the muscles
This condition is caused by an injury to the brain duringthat control speech and mastication. Although Cerebral
pregnancy, at birth, or shortly after birth. ThePalsy is a permanent condition, as a person learns and
symptoms are usually not noticeable at birth. It wasgrows and practices skills, more control over
previously assumed that it was caused by fetalmovement may be achieved.TreatmentTreatment of
distress, such as a lack of oxygen, during the birthcerebral palsy requires a team of specialists to help
process. However, lack of oxygen at birth has notmaximize and coordinate movement, minimize
been shown to be the major cause. The motor deficitsdiscomfort and pain, and prevent long-term
of babies are usually unrecognizable before 4-6complications. Because the symptoms of cerebral
months of age.A preemie's risk of cerebral palsy ispalsy can cause behavioral and emotional problems,
much higher than that of a full-term baby. In addition,many children benefit from counseling or behavior
exposure to herpes group B viruses was associatedtherapy. It is also not "curable" in the accepted sense,
with a two-fold increase in risk. Reproductive/urinaryalthough education, therapy, and applied technology
tract infections also may increase the risk in a pretermcan help persons with cerebral palsy lead productive
delivery. Preemie's are already at risk for cerebrallives.The goal of drug therapy is to reduce the effects
palsy and account for approximately one-third of theand prevent complications. Physical, speech, and
cases. Adequate prenatal care may reduce the risk ofoccupational therapy along with counseling today are
the unborn baby.Viral infections, lead poisoning, or heademployed to help people lead healthy, productive lives.
injuries that occur early in life can result in acquiredMost children with cerebral palsy benefit from early
cerebral palsy, a less common condition. Spasticand regular physical and occupational therapy. In
cerebral palsy, the most common type, is a condition inaddition, education, therapy, and applied technology can
which there is too much muscle tone. However,help persons with cerebral palsy lead productive
cerebral palsy is NOT a progressive condition, meaninglives.ConclusionWith early and ongoing treatment, the
that it does not worsen over time. Cerebral palsydisabilities associated with cerebral palsy can be
generally is a long-lasting (chronic) condition.There arereduced. People living with cerebral palsy are usually
roughly 8,000 infants born with this condition each yearable to live independently in the community, with or
and some 1,200-1,500 preschool age children acquirewithout assistance. With support and treatment, though,
cerebral palsy annually. Most children are diagnosed bymany people with cerebral palsy can live healthy,
age 5. Despite significant improvements in obstetrichappy lives.
and neonatal care in recent years, the incidence of