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Food Poisoning

Introduction:poisonings here vomiting and diarrhoea are
rare Mainly the nervous system is
Food poisoning is an acute gastroenteritisaffected.The symptoms starts with double
caused by the consumption of a food materialvision,numbness with weakness.Later there
or a drink which contains the pathogenicwill be paralysis with cardiac and
micro organism or their toxins or poisonousrespiratory  failure  ending  in  death.
chemicals.Food poisoning is common in
hostels,hotels,communal feedings, and3)  Staphylococcal  food  poisoning:
festivel  seasons.
It is caused by staphylo coccus aureus. These
A group of persons will be affected with sameorganisms usually cause skin troubles like
type of symptoms ,and they give a history ofboils and eruptions.It causes mastitis in
consumption of a common food before fewcow.Through the milk and milk products it
hours.enders and causes gastroenteritis.There will
be  vomiting,abdominal cramps with diarrhoea.
Types  of  food  poisoning
4)  Closteridium  food  poisoning:
1)  Bacterial  food  poisoning:
This is caused by closteridium
Here the micro organisms called bacteria areperfringens.They are present in stool,soil
responsible.The food material may contain theand water. They enter the body
pathogenic bacteriae or their toxin and willthrough,meat,meat dishes and egg ect.If food
be  ingested  along  with  the  food.articles are cooked and kept in room
temperature for a long time and heated again
2)  Non  bacterial  food  poisoning:before eating can result this food
poisoning.Symptoms include vomiting
Due to the presence of toxic chemicals like,diarrhoea  and  abdominal  cramps.
fertilizers,insectisides,heavy metals and
ect.5)  Bacillus  cereus:
Since bacterial food poisoning is common itThe spores of these organisms can survive
is  discussed  here.cooking and causes enteritis. Diarrhoea and
vomiting  is  common  in  this  infection.
Bacterial  food  poisoning:
How  to  investigate  food  poisoning?
All bacteria are not harmful.There are some
pathogenic bacteria which secrete toxins and1)  Examine  each  and every person affected.
cause clinical manifestations.These organisms
enter the human body through food articles or2)  Water  sample  should  be  tested.
drinks.
3) Kitchen, store room and food samples
How  food  poisoning  occures:should  be  examined.
1)  Presence  of  bacteria  in  the  water.4) The cook and food handlers should be
questioned  and  examined.
2) The raw materials for the food may contain
toxins.5) Samples of vomitus and stool of all
victims should be tested to identify the
3) Premises where the food is prepared maybacteria.
contain  micro  organisms  or  toxins.
How  to  prevent  food  poisoning:-
4) Food handlers may have some infectious
diseases.1)  Only  purified  water  should  be  used.
5) Some animals like dogs,rats may2) Hygiene should be maintained by all
contaminate  the  food.persons  keeping  contact  with  food.
6) If prepared food is kept in the room3) Workers should use masks, cap and gloves
temperature for a long time and heated againduring  cooking  and  serving.
can  make  a  chance  for  food  poisoning.
4) Sick individuals should not come in
7) Purposely some body mixing toxins in thecontact  with  food  materials.
food.
5) Kitchen and premises should be neat and
Some  common  bacterial  food  poisonings.clean.
1)  Salmonella  food  poisoning:5) Vessels should be washed with soap and hot
water.
There are three different varieties of
salmonella bacteria.(salmonella6) Should not keep the prepared food for a
typhimurium,salmonella choleralong  time  in  room  temperature.
suis,salmonella enteritidis) These bacteria
are present in milk, milk products and eggs.7) All food materials should be kept in
Symptoms of this food poisoning includeclosed  containers.
nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Fever is
also  common.8) Animals like dog, cat, rat ect should not
come  in  contact  with  food  materials.
2)  Botulism:
9) Vegetables should be washed before
This is the dangerous type of food poisoningcooking.
caused by clostridium botulinum. The spores
of these organisms are seen in the soil and10) Meat should be fresh and should be
enters the human body through pickles andpurchased from recognised slaughter house.
canned fish ect.Compared to other food



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