Mainstreaming Or Residential Programs - Which is Best For My Deaf Child?

For parents, it can be a stab in the dark trying todorm setting. Then on Friday afternoons, the students
decide on which school will be more appropriate forleave the campus with their parents, to remain at
their deaf child. Many parents don't know thehome for the weekend. Then again on Sunday
difference between a mainstream program and aafternoons, the cycle repeats itself and the students
residential one. Some so-called educated professionalsarrive back on campus to begin another week of
may advise the parents to place their children in ainstruction and learning, along with socializing with their
residential program while others may advise just thedeaf friends, and being involved in their over-all school
opposite. Often, uninformed parents are faced with thisexperience.
critical decision of where their deaf son or daughterToday, mainstream programs appear to be growing in
should be educated. And, most of the time, thepopularity all across the United States, while the
decision to mainstream, or to use the residentialresidential school numbers are in decline. Many parents
programs, is made without the input from otherwith deaf children are seeking ways for their child to
experienced parents with deaf children. Those parentsbe educated and socialized right along with the hearing
children could offer a wealth of information from theirstudents, in their attempt to have their child grow up in
experiences from both educational settings.an environment that treats him/her like all children are
For those of you who are not aware of the differencetreated. After all, the only difference is one student can
in the two programs, you will quickly learn that thehear while the other can't. With a little assistance
difference is immense, and the choice a parent makesthrough sign language, the communication barrier is
can have a tremendous impact on their child's futurebroken and the child advances just like everyone else.
success. A mainstream program is a school systemBecause so many parents are choosing to
where the deaf child is integrated with the entiremainstream their deaf children, funding for the
student body, and not just with his or her own deafresidential programs is being reduced, forcing many of
peers. At times, there may be other deaf studentsthose schools to close their doors. And on an even
within that individual classroom setting, and at othergrander scale, the world basically functions as a
classroom settings throughout the day, there may not"hearing" society. Therefore, many parents want their
be. In the mainstream environment the school systemchildren to be placed in this "hearing culture" from the
would provide the additional staff and support personalvery beginning of their educational experience. By the
required to help facilitate the communication betweentime they graduate high school, they will have adjusted
teachers and students. Additionally, the deaf student isvery well to this "hearing world" and the adjustments
expected to complete all assignments, includingthey have to make will be less strenuous. It is NOT
presentations to fellow classmates, with the aid of aeasy being deaf, living in a hearing world. What choices
sign language interpreter who will do the verbal froma parent makes today will affect that child for the rest
the student's signing. At times, the deaf students mayof his/her life.
receive many additional instruction and personal helpThe bottom line is the parents are the final judge in
within a self-contained classroom, which is a certifieddeciding where their deaf child will attend school:
teacher for the deaf, trained to instruct students whoMainstream or Residential. There are many positive
are deaf in all core subject areas. Those students whoadvantages of both, as well as negative factors, and
do not require the self-contained classroom willall of these factors must be understood, analyzed and
continue to achieve by attending classes throughoutdiscussed before a final decision is made. If hearing
the day with those who are hearing. At the end of thestudents were proficient at ASL, that would be a
school day, the students would then leave for home, ortremendous advantage for mainstreaming. The lack of
remain on campus to participate in extra-curricularthis skill restricts the deaf child's ability to communicate
activities such as sports or clubs.those who are hearing, thereby restricting one's circle
A residential program, on the other hand, is a schoolof friends. On a closed campus (residential) for the
system that specializes in working exclusively withdeaf, there's 100% communication taking place as
deaf children. Here, the students arrive by their owneveryone knows sign language. What's more
transportation on a Sunday afternoon at a schoolimportant to a parent and to the child? Should that
exclusively for the deaf. After their good-byes todeaf child be immersed in the hearing world 24/7, or
family and friends, they will remain on campus untilshould they be taken out of that environment and
Friday afternoons. Students are now in a silent worldplaced in a deaf environment to achieve their
made up with his or her deaf peers. The child'seducation? Once they leave school, they walk into a
teachers are either deaf, or hard-of-hearing, or may"hearing world", and that can create a cadre of
not have a hearing problem, but communication is doneproblems.
by utilizing sign language. Students sign to one another,Being a parent of any child is not an easy task. To be
and all activities, including school plays and sports arethe parent of a deaf child can be an even more
accomplished very successfully with the use of ASL.daunting challenge. Every day there are issues that
The large majority of teachers is fluent in Americanneed to be resolved. Knowing where to send that child
Sign Language, and is fully certified as classroomto school is just one of those issues. Parents are
teachers. The entire campus becomes a family unit,certainly under pressure to make the right decisions.
almost like an extended family living under the sameUnderstanding all the aspects of the two choices of
roof. There are school functions and activities aftereducational settings, and then making the correct
school, along with social gatherings. There are dormdecision is just one more of those major responsibilities
rooms for the students to call home, just like a collegeof being a parent.