Social Security: It's More Than Just Retirement Benefits

Most of us when we hear the term, social security,However, if you've had a friend, acquaintance, or
tend to think of the elderly, or get a brief pre-cognitivefamily relation who has become sick or injured and, as
flash of the days ahead when we, too, will be "older"a consequence, unable to work, you may be at least a
and consigned to alloting portions of our days fillinglittle familiar with the programs and associate them
prescriptions and playing bingo. And so we should. Thewith the broader safety net operated by the social
U.S. social security program, drafted by the Rooseveltsecurity administration.
administration and passed by congress as the socialThe title II and title 16 disability programs administered
security act of 1935, was originally known as the oldby the federal government allow individuals who are
age pension act.unable to work the same dignity as retirement-age
Brought into existence at a time when the Americanworkers. However, unlike the federal government's "old
people were still in the throes of the great depression,age pension", qualifying for disability benefits requires
the social security act provided retirement benefits tomore than simply calling the local social security office
elderly individuals who might otherwise have been(for information on filing for disability benefits, this faq
forced to rely on the generosity and stability of theirmay be helpful: Answers to disability program
immediate and extended family members. It was,questions.
essentially, an expression of the belief that theTo receive disability benefits, an individual's medical
country's retirement-age workers should not be left tocondition must be evaluated to determine whether or
completely fend for themselves. It was, likewise, anot their condition is truly disabling, and also to
reflection of our then-President, Franklin Delanodetermine whether or not their condition will last a
Roosevelt, that the American nation was a singleminimal length of time. To this end, the social security
entity, bound in both sincerity as well as obligation, toadministration has established a multi-component
deliver a minimal level of equity to all its citizens.system to accomodate disability applicants.
The social security act provided a safety net for theHow does this system work? In many respects, the
elderly. And, today, despite decades-long discussionssystem is overly complicated, but it essentially works
of potential insolvency, it continues to provide this sameas follows: an individual who cannnot or who can no
net. However, it also does quite a bit more. Today,longer work simply calls their local social security office,
social security covers more than just retirementinforming them of the desire to pursue disability
benefits for individual workers. It allows widows tobenefits. Once this request has been made, an
receive benefits based on the earnings records ofappointment is made for the purpose of conducting an
deceased spouses and provides survivors benefits forinterview and application. Once an application has been
the minor children of deceased parents. And, last buttaken, it is sent to a a state-level agency that
not least, it provides disability benefits.specializes in making decisions on such claims. At this
After the initial passage of the social security act ofagency, a person's medical records will both be
1935, the act was later amended to include provisionsgathered and evaluated. And after the necessary
for providing benefits to injured and sick workers,analysis has been conducted, provided that a person
based on their disability status. Such benefits weremeets the social security administration's standards of
covered under title II of the social security act.eligibility, their claim will be approved and they can then
However, to provide equal and fair consideration tolook forward to receiving benefits.
individuals whose condition was such that they wereIs the system always this cut and dry? Unfortunately,
never able to work, or whose condition made itin many cases, it is not. And, considering how many
impossible to work long enough to become insured forbureaucratic institutions, including government programs,
title II benefits, title 16 benefits were also established.are run, this is not to be unexpected. Yet, despite this,
Today, typically, we simply refer to title II benefits asthe title II and title 16 sections of the social security act
social security disability and title 16 benefits as SSI, orprovide help and needed resources for literally millions
supplemental security income.of American citizens who are either unable to work or
Chances are, if you are younger than thirty, you'vewhose condition, starting from an early point in their life,
never heard of either social security disability or ssi.made it quite impossible to ever seek work.